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Halloween (poem)
"Halloween" is a poem written by the Scottish poet Robert Burns in 1785.〔Robert Burns, James Logie Robertson (Burns Selected Poems ) BiblioBazaar, LLC, 2009〕 First published in 1786, the poem is included in the ''Kilmarnock volume''. It is one of Burns' longer poems, and employs a mixture of Scots and English.〔Robert Burns, Alexander Smith (Poems, songs, and letters: being the complete works of Robert Burns, edited from the best printed and manuscript authorities with glossarial index and a biographical memoir ) Macmillan and co., 1868〕〔(BBC - Robert Burns - Halloween ) BBC〕
==Background==
The poet John Mayne from Dumfries, South West Scotland, a comparatively obscure follower of the Scottish Muses, had attempted a poem on the subject of Halloween in 1780.〔 Having twelve stanzas, the poem makes note of pranks at Halloween; ''"What fearfu' pranks ensue!"'', as well as the supernatural associated with the night, ''"Bogies"'' (ghosts).〔〔(Ulster Scots - Words and Phrases:"Bogie" ) ''BBC'' Retrieved December 16, 2010〕 The poem appeared in ''Ruddimans Weekly Magazine'', November 1780, published by Walter Ruddiman in Edinburgh.〔 That the Ayrshire poet Burns actually saw and was influenced by Mayne's composition is apparent, as he appears to communicate with Mayne's work, and also echoes some of his imagery.〔Robert Chambers (The life and works of Robert Burns, Volume 1 ) Lippincott, Grambo & co., 1854 〕〔Thomas Crawford (Burns: a study of the poems and songs ) Stanford University Press, 1960〕 According to Burns, Halloween is "thought to be a night when witches, devils, and other mischief-making beings are all abroad on their baneful midnight errands".〔Charles Knight (1833) (The Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Difussion of Useful Knowledge, Volume 1 ) p.342. Retrieved January 14, 2011〕
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